Infrared imagers do not sense temperature. Rather, they directly sense infrared energy radiated from the surface of an object. Using sophisticated on-board computers, radiant energy is converted to a monochrome or multi-colored image that represents the apparent thermal patterns across an object’s surface.

Emissivity is the most significant characteristic influencing the amount of energy radiated by an object. Emissivity is a dynamic phenomenon that is influenced by many factors; the relative amount of energy radiated by an object is described by its emittance.

Emittance is a number between 0 and 1 that numerically expresses how well an object radiates infrared energy when compared to a blackbody at the same wavelength and temperature. The emittance of an object will vary with temperature, shape and surface condition. In thermography, emittance can be further influenced by viewing angle and the spectral response of the imager or radiometer utilized.

In order to ensure accuracy, it is imperative for a thermographer to understand the concepts of radiance and the principles of non-contact temperature measurement. Anything that affects emissivity will influence both qualitative and quantitative data.

Recognizing the need for standardized procedures, Infraspection Institute began publishing guidelines for thermography in 1993. Since their initial publication, Infraspection Institute guidelines have been adopted by hundreds of companies worldwide and incorporated into documents published by recognized standards organizations such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Beginning in 2007, Infraspection Institute guidelines were updated and renamed as standards to reflect their industry-wide acceptance and the best practices they embody.

Seffrin adds, “The advent of low cost infrared imaging equipment has made the technology available to nearly everyone; however, not all imaging systems are capable of producing accurate results. In revising our Standards, we set out to place consumer needs first by establishing minimum requirements for thermal imaging equipment and updating inspection requirements, as appropriate. The 2016 edition of the Infraspection Standards is a ‘must-have’ for anyone who specifies, performs, or oversees infrared inspections.”

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